Creating a To-Do App Using Full Stack Python: Step-by-Step Guide
If you're learning Full Stack Python development, building a To-Do app is one of the best hands-on projects to solidify your understanding. It’s simple yet powerful enough to teach you how the front end, back end, and database work together. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the step-by-step process of creating a basic To-Do app using Python (with Flask or Django) for the backend and HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the frontend.
Step 1: Set Up Your Development Environment
Before you begin, make sure you have the following installed:
Python (3.8+)
Flask or Django (for backend framework)
VS Code or any code editor
SQLite (default database in Flask/Django)
Git (for version control)
Create a new folder for your project and initialize a virtual environment:
bash
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python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # On Windows: venv\Scripts\activate
Step 2: Create the Backend (Using Flask Example)
Start by setting up your Flask application:
python
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from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect
app = Flask(__name__)
tasks = []
@app.route("/")
def home():
return render_template("index.html", tasks=tasks)
@app.route("/add", methods=["POST"])
def add():
task = request.form.get("task")
if task:
tasks.append(task)
return redirect("/")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=True)
This code allows users to add tasks and view them on the homepage.
Step 3: Design the Frontend (HTML/CSS)
Create an index.html file inside a templates/ folder.
html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>To-Do App</title>
<style>
body { font-family: Arial; margin: 20px; }
ul { list-style-type: none; padding: 0; }
li { margin-bottom: 10px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My To-Do List</h1>
<form action="/add" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="task" required>
<button type="submit">Add</button>
</form>
<ul>
{% for task in tasks %}
<li>{{ task }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
This simple form allows users to enter a task and submit it. The list displays all tasks stored in memory.
Step 4: Add Database Support
Replace the in-memory tasks list with a database model. Use SQLite and SQLAlchemy to store tasks persistently.
python
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from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///tasks.db'
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
class Task(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
content = db.Column(db.String(200), nullable=False)
Run db.create_all() and update routes to read/write from the database.
Step 5: Add Features and Deploy
Once your basic app is working:
Add task deletion and completion features
Use JavaScript for dynamic updates
Style the UI using Bootstrap
Deploy using Render, Heroku, or PythonAnywhere
Final Thoughts
Building a To-Do app using Full Stack Python is a fantastic project to understand how front-end and back-end development work together. It covers essential concepts like routing, form handling, database interaction, and deploying real-world apps. Once completed, you’ll have a solid portfolio piece that demonstrates your full stack capabilities and coding confidence.
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